Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD) Versus Interval Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) Complications: Which is better?

Abstract

Introduction: Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (IUCD) is an effective mode of contraception. But its timing of insertion remained debateable. Studies has shown that Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD) is associated with less complications as compared to interval IUCD. But controversial results have been noted. This study aims to compare intricacy & efficacy of PPIUCD Vs interval IUCD.

Aims & Objectives: To compare the complications of postpartum versus interval intrauterine device insertion (Copper T) in females seeking contraception in teaching hospital of Lahore.

Place and duration of study: The six months study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore from 15-3-2018 to 15-9-2018.

Material & Methods: In this Randomized controlled trial 200 women were enrolled and divided into 2 groups. In group A, IUCD (Copper T) was implanted within 10 minutes of delivery of placenta (PPIUCD). In group B, IUCD (Copper T) was implanted after 6 weeks of delivery (Interval IUCD) and both groups were asked to follow up for 6 months and present in case of any complication. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results: In this study, the frequency of bleeding was (Group-A: 12% & Group-B: 18%, p-value=0.235), per vaginal discharge (Group-A: 4% & Group-B: 9%, p-value=0.152), abdominal pain (Group-A: 4% & Group-B: 14%, p-value=0.013), pelvic inflammatory disease (Group-A: 5% & Group-B: 11%, p-value=0.118) and IUCD removal (Group-A: 9% & Group-B: 14%, p-value=0.268) was higher in Group-B patients. However, expulsion rate was observed to be higher in Group-A patients (8% Vs 3% in Group B).

Conclusion: Based on this study, it can be analyzed that Postpartum Intrauterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD) is more effective than Interval IUCD in terms of lower bleeding, PV discharge, pelvic inflammatory disease, abdominal pain and IUCD removal.